BlackScholesUltima - Maple Help

Finance

 BlackScholesUltima
 compute the Ultima of a European-style option with given payoff

 Calling Sequence BlackScholesUltima(${S}_{0}$, K, T, sigma, r, d, optiontype) BlackScholesUltima(${S}_{0}$, P, T, sigma, r, d)

Parameters

 ${S}_{0}$ - algebraic expression; initial (current) value of the underlying asset K - algebraic expression; strike price T - algebraic expression; time to maturity sigma - algebraic expression; volatility r - algebraic expression; continuously compounded risk-free rate d - algebraic expression; continuously compounded dividend yield P - operator or procedure; payoff function optiontype - call or put; option type

Description

 • The Ultima of an option or a portfolio of options measures Vomma's sensitivity to volatility.

$\mathrm{Ultima}=\frac{\partial }{\partial \mathrm{\sigma }}\phantom{\rule[-0.0ex]{0.4em}{0.0ex}}\mathrm{Vomma}$

$\mathrm{Ultima}=\frac{{\partial }^{3}}{\partial {\mathrm{\sigma }}^{3}}\phantom{\rule[-0.0ex]{0.4em}{0.0ex}}S$

 • The BlackScholesUltima command computes the Ultima of a European-style option with the specified payoff function.
 • The parameter ${S}_{0}$ is the initial (current) value of the underlying asset. The parameter T is the time to maturity in years.
 • The parameter K specifies the strike price if this is a vanilla put or call option. Any payoff function can be specified using the second calling sequence. In this case the parameter P must be given in the form of an operator, which accepts one parameter (spot price at maturity) and returns the corresponding payoff.
 • The sigma, r, and d parameters are the volatility, the risk-free rate, and the dividend yield of the underlying asset. These parameters can be given in either the algebraic form or the operator form. The parameter d is optional. By default, the dividend yield is taken to be 0.

Examples

 > $\mathrm{with}\left(\mathrm{Finance}\right):$

The Vega of an option measures the sensitivity of the option to volatility, sigma. The Vomma of an option measures Vega's sensitivity to volatility. The Ultima of an option measures Vomma's sensitivity to volatility. The following example illustrates the characteristics of the Ultima of an option with respect to volatility as well as the time to maturity.

In this example, the Ultima is defined as a function of volatility, sigma, and time to maturity, T.  For a European call option, we will assume that the strike price is 100 and the risk-free interest rate of 0.05.  We also assume that this option does not pay any dividends.

 > $\mathrm{Ultima}≔\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,100,T,\mathrm{\sigma },0.05,0,'\mathrm{call}'\right):$
 > $\mathrm{plot3d}\left(\mathrm{Ultima},T=1.0..0,\mathrm{\sigma }=0..0.5,'\mathrm{labels}'=\left["Time to Maturity","Volatility","Value"\right],'\mathrm{colorscheme}'=\left["zgradient",\left["Black","White","Red"\right]\right],'\mathrm{thickness}'=0\right)$

We can also see how the Ultima behaves as a function of the risk-free interest rate, the dividend yield, and volatility.  To compute the Ultima of a European call option with strike price 100 maturing in 1 year, we take:

 > $\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,100,1,\mathrm{\sigma },r,d,'\mathrm{call}'\right)$
 $\frac{{25}{}\sqrt{{2}}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{4}{}{d}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{4}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{4}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{-}{8}{}{d}{}{r}{+}{4}{}{{r}}^{{2}}}{{8}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}\left({{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{8}}{-}{8}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{16}{}{d}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{-}{8}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{-}{4}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{+}{16}{}{{d}}^{{4}}{-}{64}{}{{d}}^{{3}}{}{r}{+}{96}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{-}{48}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{-}{64}{}{d}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{+}{96}{}{d}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{16}{}{{r}}^{{4}}{-}{48}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}\right)}{{8}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\pi }}}}$ (1)

This can be numerically solved for specific values of the risk-free rate, the dividend yield, and the volatility.

 > $\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,100,1,0.3,0.05,0.03,'\mathrm{call}'\right)$
 ${-14.919796}$ (2)

It is also possible to use the generic method in which the option is defined through its payoff function:

 > $\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,t↦\mathrm{max}\left(t-100,0\right),1,\mathrm{\sigma },r,d\right)$
 $\frac{{25}{}\sqrt{{2}}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{4}{}{d}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{4}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{4}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{-}{8}{}{d}{}{r}{+}{4}{}{{r}}^{{2}}}{{8}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}\left({{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{8}}{-}{8}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{16}{}{d}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{-}{8}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{-}{4}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{+}{16}{}{{d}}^{{4}}{-}{64}{}{{d}}^{{3}}{}{r}{+}{96}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{-}{48}{}{{d}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{-}{64}{}{d}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{+}{96}{}{d}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{16}{}{{r}}^{{4}}{-}{48}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}\right)}{{8}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{}\sqrt{{\mathrm{\pi }}}}$ (3)
 > $\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,t↦\mathrm{max}\left(t-100,0\right),1,0.3,0.05,0.03\right)$
 ${-14.9197957}$ (4)
 > $\mathrm{Ultima}≔\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,100,1,\mathrm{\sigma },r,0.03,'\mathrm{call}'\right)$
 ${\mathrm{Ultima}}{≔}\frac{{-}{0.7561551978}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{}{r}{+}{25.24107807}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{+}{242.9019915}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{}{r}{-}{281.6532498}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{-}{58.04610176}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{+}{30.51908445}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{}{r}{+}{19.94711399}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{4}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{-}{9.973557002}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{-}{19.947114}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{2.493389246}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{8}}{}{r}{-}{0.3484365781}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{+}{5.807276302}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01045309735}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{-}{38.71517536}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{5}}{+}{1.20984923}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{10}}{-}{0.0001567964602}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{r}{-}{4.766805971}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{8}}{+}{0.8623805319}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{+}{6.915943432}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{-}{0.007301488501}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{-}{9.694297398}{×}{{10}}^{{-7}}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{+}{9.407787608}{×}{{10}}^{{-7}}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{-}{2.41969846}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{8}}{}{r}{-}{28.4556539}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{}{r}{+}{0.7296261952}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{}{r}{-}{228.7544211}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{}{r}{-}{24.28602953}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{-}{59.81494597}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{+}{268.6833172}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{+}{19.35758768}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{4}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{-}{9.678793837}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}{+}{19.35758768}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{0.00004999999997}{}{\left({50.}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{100.}{}{r}{-}{3.}\right)}^{{2}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.3590480519}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{3}}{-}{5.984134198}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{4}}{-}{0.01077144155}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{2}}{+}{39.89422799}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{r}}^{{5}}{+}{1.246694625}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{10}}{+}{0.0001615716233}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{r}{-}{7.234279682}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{-}{5.061580167}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{8}}{+}{0.007556166257}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{-}{0.9065963}{}{{ⅇ}}^{{-}\frac{{1.}{}\left({0.5000000002}{}{r}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.1249999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{4}}{+}{0.01499999999}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}{+}{0.0004499999998}{-}{0.02999999998}{}{r}{+}{0.4999999997}{}{{r}}^{{2}}\right)}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{2}}}}{}{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{6}}}{{{\mathrm{\sigma }}}^{{8}}}$ (5)
 > $\mathrm{plot3d}\left(\mathrm{Ultima},\mathrm{\sigma }=0..1,r=0..1\right)$

Here are similar examples for the European put option:

 > $\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,120,1,0.3,0.05,0.03,'\mathrm{put}'\right)$
 ${-329.853365}$ (6)
 > $\mathrm{BlackScholesUltima}\left(100,t↦\mathrm{max}\left(120-t,0\right),1,0.3,0.05,0.03,0\right)$
 ${-329.853364}$ (7)

References

 Hull, J., Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives, 5th. edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2003.

Compatibility

 • The Finance[BlackScholesUltima] command was introduced in Maple 2015.