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MapleSim Hydraulics Library from Modelon

Orifice No States $—$ Default orifice model without lumped volumes at each port

The Orifice No States component describes the laminar/turbulent flow through an orifice if no cavitation occurs. This is the standard orifice model in the library and the mathematical model is also used for the metering orifice. See Metering Ori No States for the pressure drop description.

Related Components

 Name Description Resistance with laminar flow. Resistance with laminar flow and externally commanded conductance. The component describes both flow regimes, using an interpolation polynomial. Orifice component checking for cavitation. Simple textbook component, using a constant discharge coefficient. It is valid for turbulent flow only; severe numerical problems for laminar flow. Metering Orifice (that is, model Orifice No States with variable diameter). Two orifices in series, one with variable the other with fixed flow area. Same as Orifice No States, but with the equations rearranged to compute dp for given q. Differences between basic models are shown by a figure.

Connections

 Name Description Modelica ID ${\mathrm{port}}_{A}$ Layout of port where oil flows into an element ($0<{m}_{\mathrm{flow}}$, ${p}_{B}<{p}_{A}$ means $0<\mathrm{Δp}$) port_A ${\mathrm{port}}_{B}$ Hydraulic port where oil leaves the component (${m}_{\mathrm{flow}}<0$, ${p}_{B}<{p}_{A}$ means $0<\mathrm{Δp}$) port_B $\mathrm{oil}$ oil

Parameters

General Parameters

 Name Default Units Description Modelica ID ${\mathrm{ΔT}}_{\mathrm{system}}$ $0$ $K$ Temperature offset from system temperature dT_system $\mathrm{orif}$ [1] Orifice dimension orif $\mathrm{Transition}$ $1$ Transition model Transition ${k}_{1}$ $10$ Laminar part k1 ${k}_{2}$ $2$ ${k}_{2}=\frac{1}{{C}_{d}^{2}}$ k2 ${C}_{d}$ $\frac{1}{\sqrt{{k}_{2}}}$ Max discharge coefficient C_d ${\mathrm{\lambda }}_{c}$ $\frac{2{k}_{1}}{\sqrt{{k}_{2}}}$ Critical flow number lambdac ${p}_{\mathrm{nom}}$ ${10}^{6}$ $\mathrm{Pa}$ Nominal pressure drop pnom ${q}_{\mathrm{nom}}$ $1.89·{10}^{-5}$ $\frac{{m}^{3}}{s}$ Nominal volume flow rate qnom ${\mathrm{\rho }}_{\mathrm{nom}}$ $865$ $\frac{\mathrm{kg}}{{m}^{3}}$ Nominal density rhonom $d$ $0.001$ $m$ Orifice diameter diameter $\mathrm{area}$ $0.001$ ${m}^{2}$ Orifice area area

[1] $\mathrm{Hydraulics.Restrictions.Basic.PressureDrop.orifinput.D}$

Constant Parameters

 Name Default Units Description Modelica ID $\mathrm{flowcond}$ $1$ Flow condition flowcond reg type $0$ Regularization type regtype reg param $0$ Regularization parameter regparam $\mathrm{cavitation}$ $\mathrm{false}$ Cavitation cavitation $\mathrm{checkvalve}$ $\mathrm{false}$ checkvalve $\ell$ $0$ $m$ Orifice length; $1<\frac{\ell }{d}$ length ${\Re }_{\mathrm{trans}}$ $0$ Transition Reynolds number Re_trans ${p}_{\mathrm{trans}}$ $0$ $\mathrm{Pa}$ Transition pressure p_trans ${p}_{\mathrm{closed}}$ $0$ $\mathrm{Pa}$ Cracking pressure p_closed ${G}_{\mathrm{leak}}$ $0$ $\frac{{m}^{3}}{s\mathrm{Pa}}$ Leakage conductance G_Leak ${C}_{d}$ $\mathrm{Cd_eq}$ Cd

Constants

 Name Value Units Description Modelica ID $\mathrm{α\left[k\right]}$ $0.649$ alpha_k

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